July

Major Events 1498 – Christopher Columbus discovered the island of Trinidad during his third voyage to the Americas. 1790 – The first U.S. patent was issued to Samuel Hopkins for…

Major Events 1619 – The first representative assembly in America, the House of Burgesses, convened in Jamestown, Virginia. 1863 – President Abraham Lincoln issued the “eye-for-an-eye” order after Confederate forces…

Major Events 1836 – The Arc de Triomphe was inaugurated in Paris, 30 years after it was commissioned by Napoleon. 1958 – The U.S. Congress established NASA (National Aeronautics and…

Major Events 1540 – Thomas Cromwell, chief minister to Henry VIII, was executed in London. 1794 – Maximilien Robespierre, a leading figure in the French Revolution, was executed by guillotine…

Major Events 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invaded Scotland and defeated Macbeth, King of Scotland. 1694 – The Bank of England was established by Royal Charter to act as…

Major Events 1775 – The Second Continental Congress established the United States Post Office and appointed Benjamin Franklin as the first Postmaster General. 1847 – Liberia was declared an independent…

Major Events 306 – Constantine I was proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops following the death of his father, Constantius. 1593 – Henry IV of France converted from Protestantism to…

Major Events 1567 – Mary, Queen of Scots, was forced to abdicate the throne in favor of her one-year-old son, James VI. 1847 – Brigham Young and the first group…

Major Events 1829 – William Austin Burt patented the typographer, a predecessor to the typewriter. 1885 – Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States, died at Mount McGregor,…

Major Events 1298 – The Battle of Falkirk was fought, where English forces defeated William Wallace’s Scottish army. 1484 – The papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus was issued by Pope…